Building Types

Government & institutional buildings

Public buildings combine formal procurement, security screening, heritage fabric, and an accessibility standard that has to hold on every day of the work — including the days your crew is on site.

What Makes It Different

Procurement and public accountability shape the work

Government and institutional work starts long before a crew arrives. Scope is defined in a public solicitation, evaluated on documented criteria, and awarded with reporting obligations attached. Contractors are expected to supply certificates, safe-work procedures, and often prevailing-wage or local-benefit information at bid time, and to keep that documentation current through the term.

The buildings themselves are frequently heritage or heritage-adjacent: stone, terracotta, cast concrete, and original metal windows that will not tolerate the pressures and chemistries used on a modern curtain wall. Many are also protected, so cleaning methods may need conservation review before a spec is finalised.

Security is the third factor. Courthouses, police facilities, and agency offices restrict roof access, camera-adjacent work, and sightlines into secure areas, and usually require screening for every technician plus escorts in controlled zones.

Failure Modes

What actually goes wrong

  • Soiling on porous stone and terracotta
    Carbon and biological soiling embeds in porous historic masonry and needs low-pressure, conservation-appropriate methods rather than aggressive washing.
  • Metal window frame corrosion
    Original steel and bronze frames stain and corrode where water sits, and the wrong detergent accelerates it.
  • Bird activity on cornices and statuary
    Ornate civic buildings offer ideal ledges, producing corrosive staining on the most publicly visible details.
  • Plaza and step staining
    Civic plazas and entry steps collect gum, spills, and organic growth, and become a slip hazard that carries direct public liability.
  • Graffiti and etching on ground-level glass
    Publicly accessible frontages attract tagging and acid etching that require specialised removal, not routine cleaning.
  • Mismatched past repairs and cleaning
    Sections cleaned with the wrong method in the past leave visible tonal differences that later work has to be planned around.
Access Strategy

How public buildings get accessed

Low-rise civic buildings are generally boom lift or water-fed pole from grade, with careful ground protection on historic paving. Taller agency towers use swing stage or rope access from certified anchors, though heritage roofs often lack modern anchors and need an engineered temporary system or a review before any suspended work is possible.

Access planning must preserve public entry and accessible routes throughout. Because these buildings serve people who have no alternative location to transact business, an entrance closure needs an approved alternate accessible route, signage, and often a security escort — not just a cone line.

Frequency

Recommended frequency

ScopeTypical intervalWhy
Public entrance and lobby glazingMonthlyHigh-traffic, high-visibility public frontage.
Upper-level office glazingTwice yearlyStandard institutional cycle for staff floors.
Heritage masonry soft washingEvery 3 to 5 yearsConservation practice favours infrequent, gentle cleaning.
Plaza, steps, and hardscapeTwice yearlySlip-risk management on public circulation.
Gutter, cornice, and roof drainageTwice yearlyCritical on ornate roofs where blockages cause facade staining.
Graffiti responseOn callUsually a defined response-time obligation in the contract.
Scheduling

Sequencing and scheduling constraints

Confirm security screening and escort requirements before crew assignment
Schedule around court sittings, council meetings, and public hearings
Maintain an accessible public entrance at every stage of the work
Obtain heritage or conservation review sign-off before any masonry cleaning method is finalised
Coordinate roof access with building security where cameras or antennas are present
Provide daily sign-in and daily progress reporting where the contract requires it
Occupant Impact

Public and staff impact

The public arrives without knowing work is happening, so signage, clear routing, and staff at the entrance matter more than they would in a private building. Accessibility is not negotiable: any temporary route must be usable by wheelchairs, walkers, and service animals, and be clearly signed from the street.

Staff impact is usually about security and noise. Work near secure areas, holding facilities, or hearing rooms requires escorts and quiet methods, and camera-adjacent work often needs advance notice so security can log the activity rather than treat it as an incident.

Compliance

What to check before work starts

Current certificate of insurance meeting the public entity's limits, plus WorkSafeBC clearance letter
Security screening and escort arrangements for all restricted-area work
Heritage or conservation review approval for masonry cleaning methods where applicable
Accessible-route plan maintained throughout the work
Site-specific safe work procedures and anchor certification filed before mobilisation
Reporting and record-keeping obligations as set out in the solicitation documents
Scope of Work

What to put in the scope

Mirror the solicitation structure so evaluation is straightforward, and separate heritage masonry work from routine glass and hardscape cleaning with its own method statement. Include graffiti response as a defined on-call item with a response time, name the accessibility and public-entrance requirements as contract conditions, and list the exact documentation package to be maintained through the term.

Downloads & Tools

Take this away with you

A printable compliance checklist for your file, and a budget range with this building type already selected.

Compliance checklist (PDF)

Every document, scheduling confirmation, frequency baseline, and inspection point from this guide, formatted as a checklist you can circulate before a scope of work is issued.

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FAQ

Common questions

What documentation do public-sector contracts usually require?+

Typically a certificate of insurance at the entity's specified limits, a WorkSafeBC clearance letter, site-specific safe work procedures, anchor and fall-protection documentation, safety data sheets, and evidence of relevant certifications — all kept current for the contract term.

Can heritage stone be pressure washed?+

Generally no. Porous historic stone, terracotta, and lime mortar require low-pressure or chemical-poultice methods chosen for the specific substrate, and on protected buildings the method usually needs conservation review before work proceeds.

How is public access maintained during the work?+

By planning the access sequence around a continuously available accessible entrance, with signed alternate routing, ground protection, and attendants where a route change could confuse visitors.

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